Solved: Determine the truth values of each proposition below. (a) 1 + 1 = 3 if and only if 2 + 2 = 3. (b) If 1 + 1 = 2 or 1 + 1 = 3, then 2 + 2 = 3 and 2 + 2 = 4. (c) If squirrels play badminton, then cats can’t fly.

Out of 300 students taking discrete mathematics 60 take coffee , 27 take coco, 36 take tea, 17 take tea only, 47 take chocolate only, 7 take chocolate and coco, 3 take chocolate tea and coco, 20 take coco only, 2 take tea, chocolate a…

{(1,2), (3,5)} is a partition of {1,2,3,4,5}?

1.) {(1,2), (3,5)} is a partition of {1,2,3,4,5}? let s={1,2,3}. in each case give an example of relation r on s that has the stated properties 2.) r is not symmentric, not reflexive and not transitive. 3.) r is transitive and re…

1. Show that in any set of six classes, each meeting regularly once a week on a particular day of the week, there must be two that meet on the same day, assuming that no classes are held on weekends. 2. Show that if there are 30 …

C. Given A= {d}, B= {c, d}, C= {a, b, c}, D = {a, b}, E= {a, b, d}. Determine whether the following statements are True or False. 10. 𝐴 ⊂ 𝐵 11. 𝐶~𝐷 12. 𝐷 ⊈ 𝐸 13. n(C) =3 14. C and D are joint sets 15. E has 16 subsets D…

6-7. A = {the set of the first 5 positive integers divisible by 10} 8-9 C = {Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Rizal, Quezon}

B.Write the following sets using rule method: 6-7. Write A= {10, 20, 30, 40, 50} using rule method. 8-9. Write C={𝑥|𝑥 𝑖𝑠 𝑎 province in the region of CALABARZON} using roster method

Suppose T(n) and f(n) and two functions. Write asymptotic notations (Ο, Ω, Θ) using these two functions and explain the growth rate of these functions in each notation.

Using a truth table, prove or disprove the following: ~[(~p∧q)↔ r]≡ ~(p∨~q)↔ ~r

List all strings over X = {0,1} of length 2 or less.

Show that A = B where A = {x│x² - 4x +4 =1}, B = {1,3}

Let 𝑄(𝑥, 𝑦) denote "𝑥 + 𝑦 = 𝑦“. What are the truth values of the quantifications ∃𝑦∀𝑥𝑄(𝑥, 𝑦) and ∀𝑥∃𝑦𝑄(𝑥, 𝑦) where the domain for all variables consists of all real numbers?

On each square of a 5 × 5 board, there is a spider. Due to a sudden tremor each spider jumps to an adjacent square (two squares are adjacent if they share an edge). After this happens, is it possible that there is still one spider i…

Each point on a straight line is colored either red or blue. Prove that we can find three points of the same color such that one is the midpoint of the other two.

You have two machines A and B that, each, generate binary digits. On each machine, when the “run” button is pressed, it will generate a single binary digit. Machine A generates a 0 - 52% of the times and a 1 - 48% of the times. Machin…

In Monopoly, your token is allowed to leave the ”jail” cell if you roll doubles: you roll two 6 -sided dice and each shows the same face. Zach hates being in jail, So he invents a couple of weighted dice that are not independent. In p…

Prove or disprove that if R and S are antisymmetric, then so is: (a) (R ∪ S) (b) (R ∩ S)

Refer to a group of 191 students, of which 10 are taking math, business, and language; 36 are taking math and business; 20 are taking math and language; 18 are taking business and language; 65 are taking math; 76 are taking business a…

Consider all strings of length 12, consisting of all uppercase letters. Letters may be repeated. Please do not simplify your answers. (a) How many such strings are there? (b) How many such strings contain the word ”SCOOBY”? (c) How…

Let D=(3,5,7,9) E=( 0, 4, 6, 9) F=0,3,6,7 . Universal set U = 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9. Draw venn diagram for. (I) DnEnF (II) (DUE) Uf

Prove by mathematical induction that n^2 +n < 2^n whenever n is an integer greater than 4.

Model the following situations as weighted graphs. Draw each graph, and complete the table below by filling in its direct neighbour. Leave the indirect neighbours as 0. It is well-known that in the Netherlands, there is a 2-lane highw…

What rule of inference is used in each of these argu- ments? a) Alice is a mathematics major. Therefore, Alice is ei- ther a mathematics major or a computer science major. b) Jerry is a mathematics major and a comp…

Write the negation of the following statement: ∀𝑥∃𝑦(𝑥 + 𝑦 = 2 ∧ 2𝑥 − 𝑦 = 1

Let D = {-5, -3, -1, 1, 3, 5}. Write the following statements using only negations, conjunctions and disjunctions: a) ∃𝑥𝑃(𝑥) b) ∀𝑥𝑃(𝑥) c) ∀𝑥((𝑥 ≠ 1) → 𝑃(𝑥)) d) ∃𝑥((𝑥 ≥ 0) ∧ 𝑃(𝑥)) e) ∃𝑥(￢𝑃(𝑥)) ∧ ∀𝑥((𝑥 < 0) → 𝑃(𝑥))

Prove that 2 − 2 · 7 + 2 · 72 −· · ·+2(−7)n = (1 – ((−7)n+1)/4 whenever n is a nonnegative integer

Find a recurrence relation, with initial condition, that uniquely determines each of the following geometric progressions. a) 2, 10, 50, 250, . . . b) 7, 14/5, 28/25, 56/125, . . .

Suppose T(n) and f(n) and two functions. Write asymptotic notations (Ο, Ω, Θ) using these two functions and explain the growth rate of these functions in each notation.

10. 𝐴 ⊂ 𝐵

U= {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, }, A= {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7}, B= {1, 5, 6, 7}, C= {1, 2, 3, 6} 16-20. Illustrate the Venn Diagram for the sets A, B, and C.

x is a member of A

Ac - Cc

Show that p ↔ q and (p ∧ q) ∨ (¬p ∧ ¬q) are logically equivalent.

Draw a simple, undirected graph yourself, the vertices are connected with each other including 8 vertices and 14 edges. Find the shortest path from two arbitrary vertices: a) The weight of each edge is 1. b) Self-weighting for…

1. For the following functions, provide the domain and range a) f: . For each x ∈ domain f(x) = cx. b) g: . For each x,y ∈ domain, g(x,y) = yxd.

Are the following functions from R to R? If not, explain why a) f(x) = 1/x b) f(x) = 2x + 7

2. For each function below (from Z to Z), indicate whether the function is onto, one-to-one, neither or both. If the function is not onto or not one-to-one, give an example showing why. If the function is bijective, find and show …

2. Consider three functions f, g, and h (from R to R+). Let f (x) = x2, g(x) = 2x and h(x) = log2(x) a) Evaluate f ◦ g(0) b) Evaluate h ◦ g(5) c) Evaluate h ◦ f(0) d) Give a mathematical expression for h ◦ g e) Give a ma…

2. Indicate if the following statements are possible. Justify your answer. If the answer is “yes”, give a specific example of the functions. Let f: and g: Z be two functions. Use a diagram if that helps explain the function. a)…

2. Provide the first 5 terms of the following sequence, excluding any initially provided terms. Also, indicate which sequences are increasing, decreasing, non-increasing, and/or non-decreasing. a) The nth term is ⌈⌉. b) The nt…

2. Let S = { :(a1a2a3a4∈ N and 0 ≤ ≤ 9 for each i = 1, 2, 3, 4}. In other words, S is the set of all 4-digit strings with each digit between 0 an 9. (a) Show that the function f : S → S deﬁned by f(a1a2a3a4) =a4a3a2a1 is a bij…

State whether or not the following functions have a well-deﬁned inverse. If the inverse is well-deﬁned, deﬁne it. If it is not well-deﬁned, provide justiﬁcation. a) f : Z → Z. f(x) = 7x – 7 b) f : R → R. f(x) = 7x – 7 c) A…

For each list of integers, provide a simple formula or rule that generates the terms of an integer sequence that begins with the given list. Assume the sequence starts with . Do not forget initial conditions if required. a) 7, 11…

List the ordered pairs in the relation R from A = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4} to B = {0, 1, 2, 3}, where (a, b) ∈ R if and only if a) a = b. b) a + b = 4. c) a > b. d) a ∣ b. e) gcd(a, b) = 1. f ) lcm(a, b) = 2.

Show that A ⊕ B = (A ∪ B) - (A ∩ B).

For each of these relations on the set {1, 2, 3, 4}, decide whether it is reflexive, whether it is symmetric, whether it is antisymmetric, and whether it is transitive. a) {(2, 2), (2, 3), (2, 4), (3, 2), (3, 3), (3, 4)…

Determine whether the relation R on the set of all people is reflexive, symmetric, antisymmetric, and/or transitive, where (a, b) ∈ R if and only if a) a is taller than b. b) a and b were born on the same d…

Determine whether the relation R on the set of all Web pages is reflexive, symmetric, antisymmetric, and/or transitive, where (a, b) ∈ R if and only if a) everyone who has visited Web page a has also visited Web pa…

a) not reflexive: x = x symmetric: if x ≠ y then y ≠ x not antisymmetric: if x ≠ y then y ≠ x not transitive: for example, if 5 ≠ 6 and 6 ≠ 5 then 5=5 b) not reflexive: for example, 0\cdot0<10⋅0<1 Is symmetric because we…

Determine whether the relation R on the set of all integers is reflexive, symmetric, antisymmetric, and/or transitive, where (x, y) ∈ R if and only if a) x ≠ y. b) xy ≥ 1. c) x = y + 1 or x = y − 1. d) x ≡ y (mod 7). e)…

Answer these questions for the poset ({3, 5, 9, 15, 24, 45}, |). a) Find the maximal elements. b) Find the minimal elements. c) Is there a greatest element? d) Is there a least element? e) Find all upper bounds of {3, 5…

Let R1 and R2 be the “congruent modulo 3” and the “congruent modulo 4” relations, respectively, on the set of integers. That is, R1 = {(a, b) | a ≡ b (mod 3)} and R2 = {(a, b) | a ≡ b (mod 4)}. Find a) R1 ∪ R2 b) R1 ∩ R2 c) R…

Represent each of these relations on {1, 2, 3} with a matrix (with the elements of this set listed in increasing order). a) {(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3)} b) {(1, 2), (2, 1), (2, 2), (3, 3)} c) {(1, 1), (1, 2), (1, 3), (2, 2), (…

Which of these relations on the set of all functions from Z to Z are equivalence relations? Determine the properties of an equivalence relation that the others lack. a) {(f, g) | f (1) = g(1)} b) {(f, g) | f (0) = …

Show that the relation R consisting of all pairs(x, y) such that x and y are bit strings of length three or more that agree in their first three bits is an equivalence relation on the set of all bit strings of length three o…

Determine whether function f : Z × Z → Z is onto if (i) f(m,n)=2m−n (ii) f(m,n)=m+n+1

Suppose that a password for a computer system must have at least 6, but no more than 9 characters, where each character in the password is a lowercase English letter, or an uppercase English letter, or a digit, or one of the five spec…

Solve the linear congruence 34x ≡ 53(mod 89).

3. Which of the intervals (0, 5), (0, 5], [0, 5), [0, 51, (1,4], [2, 3], (2, 3) contains a) 0? b)1?c)2? d) 3? e)4? f)5?

Let P(x,y) denote the sentence x2 + 1≥ x + 1. What are the truth value of the following where the domain of x and y is the set of all integers? a. ⱯxⱯyP(x,y) b. ⱯxƎyP(x,y) c. ƎxⱯyP(x,y) . d. ƎxƎyP(x,y)

use the Euclidean algorithm to express gcd(94, 159) as a linear combination of 94 and 159

Suppose that the domain of the predicateP(x) consists of −2, −1, 0, 1, and2. Write out each of the following predicate logic formulas in propositional logic formulas using disjunctions, conjunctions, negations, or their combinations.

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4. (2 points) Solve these recurrence relations together with the initial conditions given. Each is worth 1 point. a) an = 6an-1 - 11an-3 +6an-3 for n > 3, a0 = 4, a1 = 6, a2 = 12 b) an = an–1 +9an-2 – 9an-3 for n > 3, a0 = 6, a1= 0,…

Let x and y be real numbers. Prove that, if 5x+y>11, then x>2 or y>1.

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Find the domain and range of these functions. Note that in each case, to find the domain, determine the set of elements assigned values by the function. a) the function that assigns to each bit string the number of ones in the string …

1. Expand the following using the Binomial Theorem a. (x-3y)^3 b. (2a+b^-3)^4 c. (a+b+c)² 2. Solve the recurrence relation Pn = Pn-1 + n with the initial condition p_1 = 2 using iteration.

P = I pass this class G = I go to class every day. H = I do all the homework exercises. Translate the following sentences into propositional logic. (1) Students will not pass this class unless they go to class every day and do all…

Solve the following recurrence relations for the initial conditions given. The population of Utopia increases 5 percent per year. In 2000 the population was 10,000. What was the population in 1970?

Write the negation of the following statement: ∀𝑥∃𝑦(𝑥 + 𝑦 = 2 ∧ 2𝑥 − 𝑦 = 1

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illustrate the venn diagram for the sets A,B,and C in the U={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8} a={1,2,3,4,5,6,7}, b={1,5,6,7}, c={1,2,3,6}

Q1: Let A, B, C be three sets. Prove that (𝐴 − 𝐵) − 𝐶 = (𝐴 − 𝐶) − (𝐵 − 𝐶) using following proof methods: a) Membership table b) Set builder notation and propositional logic Q2 : Find generalized union and intersection as de…

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29. Prove or disprove that if m and n are integers such that mn = 1 then either m = 1 and n = 1 , or else m = - 1 and n = - 1 .

Let A and B be subsets of a universal set U. Show that A ⊆ B if and only if B ⊆ A.

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State the Pigeonhole Principle. Prove that if six integers are selected from the set [3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12] there must be two integer whose sum is fifteen.

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6. (a) Draw the logic circuit for the following expression: AB + A(B+C) (b) Simplify the expression in 6(a) by using the rules of Boolean algebra provided in (5). (c) Draw the simplified logic gate circuit derived in (b)

a particular algorithm increases in time as the number of operations n increases. Suppose the time complexity of this algorithm is given by: f(n)=4n2+5n2*log(n) Show that f(n) is O(g(n)) for g(n) = n3

State the Pigeonhole Principle. Prove that if six integers are selected from the set [3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12] there must be two integer whose sum is fifteen.

A weighted voting system for voters A, B, C, D, and E is given by {35: 29, 11, 8, 4, 2}. The weight of voter A is 29, the weight of voter B is 11, the weight of voter C is 8, the weight of voter D is 4, and the weight of voter E is 2.…

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⋃ 𝐴𝑖 ∝ 1 and ⋂ 𝐴𝑖 ∞ 1 a) 𝐴𝑖 = {𝑖, 𝑖 + 1,𝑖 + 2, … } b) 𝐴𝑖 = {0,𝑖} c) 𝐴𝑖 = {−𝑖, − 𝑖 + 1, … , −1, 0, 1, … , 𝑖 − 1, 𝑖} d) 𝐴𝑖 = {−𝑖, 𝑖}

Check whether the following graphs have an Eulerian and/or Hamiltonian circuit.

Let P (x) denote the statement “x ≤ 4.” What is the truth value of p(6) ?

Find the bitwise “and” 0110 1101 , 1001 0011

Mathematical logic

Determine the truth values of each proposition below. (a) 1 + 1 = 3 if and only if 2 + 2 = 3. (b) If 1 + 1 = 2 or 1 + 1 = 3, then 2 + 2 = 3 and 2 + 2 = 4. (c) If squirrels play badminton, then cats can’t fly.

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