Solved: 1. Let R be the relation on the set {0, 1, 2, 3} containing the ordered pairs (0, 1), (1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 0), (2, 2), and (3, 0). Find the a) reflexive closure of R. b) symmetric closure of R. 2. Find the transitive closures of these relations on {1, 2, 3, 4}. a) {(1, 2), (2,1), (2,3), (3,4), (4,1)} b) {(2, 1), (2,3), (3,1), (3,4), (4,1), (4, 3)} c) {(1, 2), (1,3), (1,4), (2,3), (2,4), (3, 4)} d) {(1, 1), (1,4), (2,1), (2,3), (3,1), (3, 2), (3,4), (4, 2)} 3. Find the smallest relation containing the relation {(1, 2), (1, 4), (3, 3), (4, 1)} that is a) reflexive and transitive. b) symmetric and transitive. c) reflexive, symmetric, and transitive.

1. Given the following: • g: "You can graduate. • m: 'You owe money to the college." . r: "You have completed the requirements of your major." • b: "You have an overdue book." Translate "You…

In any case, if you somehow could not attend the Discrete Mathematics final exam then you will not be able to pass out the course and if you have the fever then you will not be able to pass out the course Construct the proposition by …

Let P(x), Q(x) and R(x) are propositions and the universe of discourse; all students; P(x) = x is intelligent Q(x) = x has solved the problem R(x) = x has clearly understood the clues

Let A, B and C are sets. Prove that ≤ is transitive. (5 marks)

Suppose that 40 Malaysian Chinese are surveyed and they speak at least one of the three dialects, Cantonese, Hokkien or Hakka. It is found that 30 of them speak Cantonese, 20 speak Hokkien and 15 speak Hakka. It is also found that 3…

Simplify ((A U B') n C) U(A'n B)' and write the dual of the result.

Solve (P ∧ Q ∧ R) ∨ (¬P ∧ R ∧ Q) ∨ (¬P ∧ ¬Q ∧ ¬R

I. SET. A. List the members of these sets 1. {x | x is a positive integer less than 10} 2. {x | x is an integer such that x2 = 2} B. Consider the following sets. Universal set (U) = {-2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, a, b, c, d}…

Given the following set: 1. X = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} defined by the rule (x, y) ∈ R if x + y ≤ 6 a. List the elements of R b. Find the domain of R c. Find the range of R d. Draw the digraph e. Properties of the Relation

List the members of the following sets 1. {x| x is real numbers and x2 = 1} 2. {x| x is an integer and -4 < x ≤ 3} B. Use set builder notation to give description of each of these sets. 1. {a, e,i ,o, u} 2. {=2, -1, 0, 1, 2} C. …

1. Given the following: g: "You can graduate." m: "You owe money to the college." r: "You have completed the requirements of your major." b: "You have an overdue book." Translate "You can …

What is the complete proof for INCLUSION-EXCLUSION FORMULA and BOOLE'S INEQUALITY? Step by Step Solutions. The BOOLE'S INEQUALITY that I meant was both: 𝑃(𝐴1 ∪ 𝐴2 ∪ … ∪ 𝐴𝑛 ) ≤ 𝑃(𝐴1 ) + 𝑃(𝐴2 ) + ⋯ + 𝑃(𝐴𝑛) or 𝑃(⋃ 𝐴𝑖 𝑛 𝑖=1 ) ≤ ∑ 𝑃(𝐴𝑖) 𝑛…

Universal set (U) = {-2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, a, b, c, d} A = {a, b, c} B = {-2, -1, 0, 1, 2} C = {2, 4, 6} find: B-C C x A P(A) |P (B)|

RELATION. Given the following set: 1. X = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} defined by the rule (x, y) ∈ R if x + y ≤ 6 a. List the elements of R b. Find the domain of R c. Find the range of R d. Draw the digraph e. Properties of the Relation

A. List the members of the following sets 1. {x| x is real numbers and x2 = 1} 2. {x| x is an integer and -4 < x ≤ 3} B. Use set builder notation to give description of each of these sets. 1. {a, e,i ,o, u} 2. {=2, -1, 0, 1, 2} …

Find simpler statement forms that are logically equivalent to p ⊕ p and (p ⊕ p) ⊕ p. b) Is (p ⊕ q) ⊕ r ≡ p ⊕ (q ⊕ r)? Justify your answer. c) Is (p ⊕ q) ∧ r ≡ (p ∧ r) ⊕ (q ∧ r)? Justify your answer.

If p → q is false, can you determine the truth value of (~p)˅(p ↔ q)? Explain your answer. If p → q is true, can you determine the truth value of ~(p → q)˄~p? Explain your answer.

Prove the equivalence of the following in three different ways (truth table, simplification, each is a logical consequence of the other): p → (q ∨ r) ≡ (p ∧ ~q) → r.

Use the properties to verify the logical equivalences in the following. Supply a reason for each step. a. (p ∧∼ q) ∨ p ≡ p b. p ∧ (∼ q ∨ p) ≡ p c. ∼ (p ∨∼ q) ∨ (∼ p ∧∼ q) ≡ ∼ p d. ∼ ((∼ p ∧ q) ∨ (∼ p ∧∼ q)) ∨ (p ∧ q) ≡ p e. (p ∧…

A. List the members of the following sets 1. {x| x is real numbers and x2 = 1} 2. {x| x is an integer and -4 < x ≤ 3} B. Use set builder notation to give description of each of these sets. 1. {a, e,i ,o, u} 2. {=2, -1, 0, 1, 2} …

1. Given the following: g: "You can graduate." m: "You owe money to the college." r: "You have completed the requirements of your major." b: "You have an overdue book." Translate "You can …

If 𝑝 → 𝑞 is false, can you determine the truth value of (~𝑝)˅(𝑝 ↔ 𝑞)? Explain your answer. If 𝑝 → 𝑞 is true, can you determine the truth value of ~(𝑝 → 𝑞)˄~𝑝? Explain your answer.

a) Find simpler statement forms that are logically equivalent to 𝑝 ⊕ 𝑝 and (𝑝 ⊕ 𝑝) ⊕ 𝑝. b) Is (𝑝 ⊕ 𝑞) ⊕ 𝑟 ≡ 𝑝 ⊕ (𝑞 ⊕ 𝑟)? Justify your answer. c) Is (𝑝 ⊕ 𝑞) ∧ 𝑟 ≡ (𝑝 ∧ 𝑟) ⊕ (𝑞 ∧ 𝑟)? Justify your answer.

Find the graph of the function f(n)=1-n from integers to integer

Given the following: g: "You can graduate." m: "You owe money to the college." r: "You have completed the requirements of your major." b: "You have an overdue book." Translate "You can gra…

X=factors of 30 R=x/y draw hasse diagram

A. Write each of the following sets by listing their elements between braces. 2. {3x+2:xϵZ} 4. {xϵN:-2

A. Write out the indicated sets by listing their elements between braces. 2. Suppose A={π,e,0} and B={0,1} (a) AxB (b) BxA (c) AxA (d) BxB (e) ØxB (f) (AxB)xB (g) Ax(BxB) (h) AxBxB 4. {nϵZ:2

A. List all the subsets of the following sets. 2. {1,2,Ø} 8. {{0,1},{0,1,{2}},{0}} B. Write out the following sets by listing their elements between braces. 12. {X:X ⊆{3,2,a} and │X│=1 C. Decide if the following statement…

A. Find the indicated sets. 2.ℙ({1,2,3,4}) 6. ℙ({1,2})x ℙ({3}) 10. {Xϵ ℙ({1,2,3}):│X│≤1} B. Suppose that │A│=m and │B│=n. Find the following cardinalities. 14. │ ℙ(ℙ(A))│ 18. │ ℙ(Ax ℙ(B))│

1. Given the following: g: "You can graduate." m: "You owe money to the college." r: "You have completed the requirements of your major." b: "You have an overdue book." Translate "You can …

In how many ways can six boys and four girls be arranged in a straight line so that no two girls are ever together.

Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7} and R = {(x, y) | x –y is divisible by 3} Show that R is an equivalence relation. Draw the graph of R.

A. List the members of the following sets 1. {x| x is real numbers and x2 = 1} 2. {x| x is an integer and -4 < x ≤ 3} B. Use set builder notation to give description of each of these sets. 1. {a, e,i ,o, u} 2. {=2, -1, 0, 1, 2}…

Use Deductive reasoning to solve the following logic puzzle. 1. Four kids went to an unusual pet store. Each child picked out a different animal to take home. Can you match the child with their new friend? Clues: 1. No child has …

given x = [101011110] and y = [110101001] find xoy and x ^ y

Let R be the relation on the set A = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7} defined by the rule (a,b) belongs to R, if the integer is divisible by 4, List the elements of R and its inverse

Show step by step: find the inverse of {(-3,1) (2,4) (8,9)}

List the members of the following sets 1. {x| x is real numbers and x2 = 1} 2. {x| x is an integer and -4 < x ≤ 3} B. Use set builder notation to give description of each of these sets. 1. {a, e,i ,o, u} 2. {=2, -1, 0, 1, 2} C. …

Show that -p → (q + r) and q→ (p V r) are logically equivalent.

determine the truth value of each of the following truth values if 2+3=5 then 2x3=6

Let p and q be the propositions p : I bought a lottery ticket this week. q : I won the million dollar jackpot. Express each of these propositions as an English sentence. a) ¬p b) p ∨ q c) p → q d) p ∧ q e) p ↔ q f ) ¬p…

Let R be the relation on the set A = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7} defined by the rule (a,b) equivalent to R, if the integer (a-b) is divisible by 4, List the elements of R and its inverse

Prove the equivalence of the following in three different ways (truth table, simplification, each is a logical consequence of the other): p → (q ∨ r) ≡ (p ∧ ~q) → r.

Suppose that Q(x) is “x+1=2x”, where x is a real number. Find the truth value of the following statement: a) Q(2) b) ∀𝑄(𝑥) c) ∃𝑄(𝑥)

1. Which of the following statements are true and which are false? Give reasons for your answer. (20) i) ‘x 2 +y 2 −3 is not dividible by 4.’ is mathematical statement. ii) The number of onto functions from {1,2,3,4,5,6} to {a,b,…

2. a) Consider the propositions ‘2+3 = 5’ and ’The Sun rises in the West’. i) Write the disjunction of the statements and give its truth value. ii) Write the conjunction of the statements and give its truth value. iii) Write the ex…

2b) Prove or disprove the following statement. (2) “If m divides a n −b n , then m divides abn −ban also.”

2c) Show that any tree with exactly two vertices of degree 1 is a path.

2 d) Write down the converse of each of the following statements: (2) i) If p is a prime number and a and b are any two natural numbers and if p divides a or b, then p divides ab. ii) In a triangle 4ABC, if AB2 +AC2 = BC2 , then ∠…

2. a) Consider the propositions ‘2+3 = 5’ and ’The Sun rises in the West’. i) Write the disjunction of the statements and give its truth value. ii) Write the conjunction of the statements and give its truth value. iii) Write the ex…

If the solution of the recurrence relation αun−1 +βun−2 = f(n),(n ≥ 2) is un = 1−2n+3.2 n , then determine the values of α,β and f(n).

A bank pays you 4.5% interest per year. In addition, you receive |100 as bonus at the end of the year (after the interest is paid). Find a recurrence for the amount of money after n years if you invest |2000.

If 5 points are chosen in a square of side 2cm, show that there will always be two points at a distance of at most √ 2cm.

A die is rolled twice and the sum of the numbers that appear is observed. What is the probability that the sum is either a perfect square or a perfect cube?

Write the expression x1 ∨x2 ∧x3 ∨x4 in conjunction normal form and disjunctive normal form

Find the general form of the solution to a linear homogeneous recurrence relation with constant coefficients for which the characteristic roots are 1,−2 and 3 with multiplicities 2,1 and 2, respectively. The relation also has a non-…

If a planar graph has the degree sequence (2,2,2,3,4,4,5), how many faces will it have? Draw a planar graph with this degree sequence and the number of faces obtained to check your answer

How many numbers form 0 to 999 (0 and 999 inclusive) are indivisible by 7 or 11?

From a survey of 120 people, the following data was obtained: 90 owned a car, 35 owned a computer, 40 owned a house, 32 owned a car and a house, 21 owned a house and a computer, 26 owned a car and a computer, 17 owned all the three…

8. a) Find the generating function of the recurrence an = 6an−1 −5an−2 +1 with initial conditions a0 = 2,a1 = 5.

Express 3x 4 +4x 3 +2x 2 +x in terms of [x]4,[x]3,[x]2 and [x].

Draw the Ferrar graph of the following partitions: i) 20 = 9+6+3+2 ii) 28 = 10+9+8+1 Also, write down the conjugate partitions of each of these partitions.

Evaluate C74

Not having the lecture is sufficient for Dr. Boateng to conduct a quiz or students to make presentations. If the students do not make presentations then Dr. Boateng will conduct the quiz. Therefore, whenever we have the lecture,…

Determine the validity of the following argument: Having a strong mathematical background is necessary and sufficient for understanding the concepts in Information Technology. Having a strong mathematical background and understand…

Prove that 2/n4-3 if and only off 4/n2+3

Q1. a) Let 𝑈 = {𝑥: 𝑥 ∈ 𝑍, 1 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 12}, 𝐴 = {2𝑥: 𝑥 ∈ 𝑈 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 𝑖𝑠 𝑎 𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑝𝑙𝑒 𝑜𝑓 4}, 𝐵 = {𝑥: 𝑥 ∈ 𝑈, 𝑥 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑠 2} 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐶 = {𝑥: 𝑥 ∈ 𝑈, 𝑥2 ≤ 16}. i) List the elements belong to the sets A, B and C respectively. (3 marks) ii) Find 𝐶 − (𝐴̅ ∩…

Define a relation on the set S of all strings of letters: two strings are related if you can get one from the other by reversing one pair of adjacent letters. For example, cow ocw but cow woc.

Let n be an integer. Use Definition 1.6 to explain why 2n + 9 is an odd integer 2n + 9 = 2( )+ 1

In a class of 32 students, 18 offers chemistry, 16 offers Physics 22 offer Mathematics. 6 offer all three subjects, 3 offer Chemistry and Physics only and 5 offer only physics only. Each student offers at least one subject. Find the n…

If x=3 then x<2 is a statement or not?

Identify if the following statements are predicate logic. Give a domain of discourse for each propositional function. A. The movie won the Academy Award for the past 2 years. B. 1 + 3 = 4 C. (x+2)2 is a prime number.

Find the number of integers between 1 and 300 both inclusive that are divisible by the following types: (i). at-least one of 3, 5, 7. (ii). 3 and 5 but not 7. (iii). 5 but neither 3 nor 7

For the following relation on the set {x:x∈Ζ and 1 ≤ x ≤ 12}. List (a) the ordered pairs belonging to the relation: (b) the transitive closure R = {(x, y): xy = 9}

Suppose R(x,y) is the predicate “x understands y,” the universe of discourse for x is the set of students in Discrete Class, and the universe of discourse for y is the set of examples in these lecture notes. Translate the following …

Let f: Z®Z be such that f(x) = x +1. Is f invertible? and if it is, what is its inverse?

P(n): n! > 3n for n ≥ 7. What is the Base Step?

Translate these statements into English sentence, where C(x) is "x is a comedian" and F(x) is "x is funny" and the domain consist of all people. a) Ax(C(x) -> F(x)) b) Ex(C(x) ^ F(x)) c) Ex(C(x) -> F(x))

How many bit strings of length 14 contains the following types (I) atmost three is? (ii) an equal number of 0s and 1s (iii) an odd number of 1s

Let P (x): x2/2 =x find the following and identify their truth values 1. (P) 1 2. (P) 2 3.∀n, P(n) 4.∃n, P(n)

In a class of 35 students it is known that 24 of them do arts, 20 do chemistry and 22 do biology. All the students do at least one of the 3 subjects, 3 do all the three subjects while 7 do art and biology. 6 do art and chemistry but n…

Find the general solution of the recurrence relation: an = an-1 + 2an-2 , with a0 = 2 and a1 = 7.

1. Express the following system specifications using logical connectives: “The message is scanned for viruses whenever the message was sent from an unknown system.” “The message was sent fr…

cnf of q^(-q->(p^(-p->r)))

Write a simple formula that generates the below mentioned terms. a) 1,2,2,3,4,4,5,6,6,7,8,8,... b) 1,10,11, 100, 101, 110,111,1000,1001,1010,1011

Write a simple formula that generates the below mentioned terms. a) 1,2,2,3,4,4,5,6,6,7,8,8,... b) 1,10,11,100,101,110,111,1000,1001,1010,1011

For each of the arguments below, determine whether the argument is correct or incorrect and explain why. a) All students in this class understand logic. Xavier is a student in this class. Therefore, Xavier understands logic. b…

Find and if for every positive integer , a) Ai={0,i} b) Ai=[-i,i].

Use Karnaugh map to find a minimal sum for: E = x’yz + x’yz’t + y’zt + xyzt’ + xy’z’t

Use the Euclidean algorithm to find gcd(2074, 2457) = d.

given that: P(n): n! > 3n for n ≥ 7. What is the Base Step?

When A = 1, B = 0, C = 1. Then: F = C + C'B + BA' = 1

Read and follow instructions.

Let x be 5, x+y=10.

DLSU-CCS is in Quezon City.

Write these propositions using f and s and logical connectives. It is below freezing and snowing. It is below freezing, but not snowing. It is either below freezing, or snowing (or both). It is neither below freezing, nor snowing. Th…

State the converse, inverse, and contrapositive of each of the given statements. If it snows tonight, I will stay home. I go to the beach whenever it is a sunny summer day. A positive integer is prime only if it has no divisors other…

IV. Use Logical Equivalence Rules to simplify the following. Construct the truth tables for each of the compound propositions and its simplified expression. ¬b∧(a→b)∧a (a→b)↔(¬a∨b) ((p→q)→r)∧(¬q↔(p∧¬q)) ¬a∧(b⊕c)∧(¬b∨c)

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