Solved: Let R={(1,2),(1,4),(2,1),(2,4),(3,2),(3,4)} R={(1,2),(1,4),(2,1),(2,4),(3,2),(3,4)} is a relation on set A={1,2,3,4} A={1,2,3,4} Suppose a Rn b means that there is a path of length n from a to b Which of the elements are R3?

Let A= {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}then define a relation R on A as (a.b)∈R iff a≤b and Relation Ton A as (a,b)∈T iff a/b. Represent R by a matrix. Is R Reflexive? Transitive? Give a valid reason for your answer. Is T Antisymmetric? Give a valid …

Let X= {1, 2, 3, 4}Y= {a, b, c} and Z={1,2} 1. Define K: Y→X as follows: K(a) = 1, K(b) = 2, K(c) = 3, and K(c) = 4. Is K onto? If not explain. 2. Using arrow diagram, find one function from X to Y that is Onto but not One-to-One 3. D…

Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} then define a relation R on A as (a.b)∈R iff a≤b and Relation Ton A as (a,b)∈T iff a/b. Represent R by an matrix. Is R Reflexive? Transitive? Give a valid reason for your answer. Is T Antisymmetric? Give a val…

Part (a): Let A and B are any sets then show that A-(A∩B)=(A∩A^c)∪(A∩B^c) by using membership table. Part (b): Draw Venn diagram to describe sets A, B, and C that satisfy the given conditions. A∩B≠ϕ,B∩C≠ϕ,A∩C=ϕ,A⊈B,C⊈B.

Let X= {1, 2, 3, 4}Y= {a, b, c} and Z={1,2} 1. Define K: Y→X as follows: K(a) = 1, K(b) = 2, K(c) = 3, and K(c) = 4. Is K onto? If not explain. 2. Using arrow diagram, find one function from X to Y that is Onto but not One-to-One 3. D…

If p→q is false can you find the truth value of ~ (p ∧ q) →q? Explain your answer.

Let X= {1, 2, 3, 4}Y= {a, b, c} and Z={1,2} 1. Define K: Y→X as follows: K(a) = 1, K(b) = 2, K(c) = 3, and K(c) = 4. Is K onto? If not explain. 2. Using arrow diagram, find one function from X to Y that is Onto but not One-to-One 3. D…

Determine whether the statement p→(q∨r) is equivalent to (p∧∼r)→q ?

Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4}. Define a relation R on A by a R b ⇐⇒ a + b ≤ 4 for every a, b ∈ A. (a) List all the elements of R. (b) Determine whether R has the following properties. If R has a certain property, prove this is so, otherwise, p…

Let A = {1,2,3,4}. Define a relation R on A by a R b ↔ a + b ≤ 4 for every a; b ϵ A. (a) List all the elements of R. (b) Determine whether R has the following properties. If R has a certain property, prove this is so, otherwise, provi…

1. Check whether the set S=R - {-1} is a group under the binary operation ‘*’defined as for any two elements . 2. i. State the relation between the order of a group and the number of binary operations that can be defined on that set. …

List of the members of these sets. (a){x|x is a real number such that x2 = 1.} (b){x|x is a positive integer less than 12} (c){x|x is the square of an integer and x < 100} (d){x|x is an integer such that x2 = 2}

For each of these pairs of sets,determine whether the ﬁrst is a subset of the second,the second is a subset of the ﬁrst, or neither is a subset of the other. (a) the set of airline ﬂights from New York to New Delhi, the set of nonstop…

For each of the following sets, determine whether 2 is an element of that set. (a){x∈R|x is an integer greater than 1} (b){x∈R|x is the square of an integer} (c){2 ,{2}} (d){{2},{{2}}} (e){{2},{2 ,{2}}} (f){{{2}}}

(i) Determine whether each of these statements is true or false. (a) 0∈∅ (b)∅∈{0} (c){0}⊂∅ (d)∅⊂{0} (e){0}∈{0} (f){0}⊂{0} (g){∅}⊆{∅} (ii) Determine whether these statements are true or false. (a)∅∈{∅} (b)∅∈{∅,{∅}} (c){∅}∈{∅} (d){∅}∈{{…

(a) Use a Venn diagram to illustrate the relationships A ⊆ B and B ⊆ C. (b) Use a Venn diagram to illustrate the relationships A ⊂ B and B ⊂ C. (c) Use a Venn diagram to illustrate the relationships A ⊂ B and A ⊂ C. (d) Suppose that A…

What is the cardinality of each of these sets? (a)∅ (b){∅} (c){∅,{∅}} (d){∅,{∅},{∅,{∅}}}

(i) Show that if A ⊆ C and B ⊆ D, then A×B ⊆ C ×D (ii) Let A ={a , b , c ,d}and B ={y , z}. Find (a) A×B (b) B×A

(i) Let A ={a , b , c}, B ={x , y}, and C ={0 , 1}. Find (a) A×B×C (b) C ×B×A (c) C ×A×B (d) B×B×B (ii) Let A ={1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5}and B ={0 , 3 , 6}. Find (a) A∪B (b) A∩B (c) A−B (d) B−A (iii) Let A ={a , b , c , d ,e}and B ={a , b …

Determine whether the following preposition is tautology, contradiction or contingency and explain the answer by your own words. (p↔q ) ⊕ ¬(q→p)

A set S is cardinally majorizable by a set T iff there exists a(n) ______________ from T to S.

Which of the following sets have the same cardinality? Select all that apply. LaTeX: \mathbb{N} N [0,1] LaTeX: \mathbb{R} R (0,1)

1. Let A and B be two non-empty finite sets. If cardinalities of the sets A, B, and are respectively 72, 28 and 13, then find the cardinality of the set .

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9. (i) Prove the identity laws in Table 1 by showing that (a) A ∪ ∅ = A (b) A ∩ U = A (ii) Prove the domination laws in Table 1 by showing that (a) A ∪ U = U (b) A ∩ ∅ = ∅ (iii) Prove the idempotant laws in Table 1 by showing that (a)…

10. Let A , B, and C be sets. Show that(a) (A ∪ B) ⊆ (A ∪ B ∪ C) (b) (A ∩ B ∩ C) ⊆ (A ∩ B) (c) (A − B) − C ⊆ (A − C) (d) (A − C) ∩ (C − B) = ∅ (e) (B − A) ∪ (C − B) = ∅

11. Show that if A and B are sets, then (a) A − B = A ∩ B (b) (A ∩ B) ∪ (A ∩ B) = A

12. Draw the Venn diagrams for each of these combinations of the sets A , B , and C. (a) A ∩ (B ∪ C) (b) A ∩ B ∩ C (c) (A − B) ∪ (A − C) ∪ (B − C)

b) In a large city, 8% of the inhabitants have contracted a particular disease. A test for this disease is positive in 80% of people who have the disease and is negative in 80% of people who do not have the disease. What is the probab…

Robyn decides to organize a hiking trip and invites her friends - Dylan, Linda and Dominic to join her. On the days leading to the hike, her three friends say the following:Two Days Before the hike:Dylan: Dominic is going to the hike.…

3. A certain medical disease occurs in 1% of the population. A simple screening procedure is available and in 8 out of 10 cases where the patient has the disease, it produces a positive result. If the patient does not have the disease…

Find the minimum number n of integers to be selected from S = {1, 2,..., 9} so that: (a) The sum of two of the n integers is even. (b) The difference of two of the n integers is 5

In a certain group of 15 students, 5 have graphics calculators and 3 have a computer at home (one student has both). Two of the students drive themselves to college each day and neither of them has a graphics calculator nor a computer…

In a physics class 40 children had forgotten to bring their physics book,34 had forgotten to do their homework. The teacher asked to borrow the physics book from some one at once. 48 childrens left the room. Draw a Venn diagram and fi…

Q1 Draw any balance rooted tree having nodes from “ a to i”. a) Find the level of each vertex in the drawn tree. b) Find the height of this tree. c) Which vertices are descendants of node “g”.

Q2 Draw any three graphs (Take help from book, but DO NOT copy paste any graph from examples or exercise. Your graphs must be random and all must neither be euler nor all non-euler) a) Figure out Euler graph from these three graphs. b…

Q3 X people are chosen from a volley ball team (Take a value of X by yourself, possibly that number must be close to a number of volley ball team members). a) How many ways are there to choose Y people to take them to ground(Take valu…

Problem B Show that 3 · 4n + 51 is divisible by 3 and 9 for all positive integers n.

Q3 X people are chosen from a volley ball team (Take a value of X by yourself, possibly that number must be close to a number of volley ball team members).

Q2 Draw any three graphs (Take help from book, but DO NOT copy paste any graph from examples or exercise. Your graphs must be random and all must neither be euler nor all non-euler) a) Figure out Euler graph from these three graphs. b…

Q2 Draw any three graphs (Take help from book, but DO NOT copy paste any graph from examples or exercise. Your graphs must be random and all must neither be euler nor all non-euler) (2+1+2+2) a) Figure out Euler graph from these three…

Q3 X people are chosen from a volley ball team (Take a value of X by yourself, possibly that number must be close to a number of volley ball team members). (2+2+2) a) How many ways are there to choose Y people to take them to ground(T…

Q1 Draw any balance rooted tree having nodes from a to i. (2+2+2+2) Find the level of each vertex in the drawn tree. Find the height of this tree. Which vertices are descendants of node g.

(b) Let A be the set {1,2,3,4,5,6}.Which orders pairs are in the following relations on A. (i) R1 = {(a,b) : a divides b} (ii) R2 = {(a,b) : a ≤ b} (iii) R3 = {(a,b) : a 2 = b} (iv) R4 = {(a,b) : a + b ≤ 5} (v) R5 = {(a,b) : a = 2 and…

(a) Let A = {2,4,6} and B = {x,y,z}. State each of the following are relations from A into B. (i) R1 = {(2,x), (y,4), (6,z)} (ii) R2 = {(4,y), (y,4)} (iii) R3 = {(2,x), (4,y), (6,z)} (iv) R4 = {(4,y), (6,x), (4,x)} (v) R5 = {(x,2), (4…

(a) Let A = {0,1,2}. R = {(0,0), (0,1), (0,2), (1,1), (1,2), (2,2)} and S = {(0,0), (1,1), (2,2)} be two relations on A. (i) Show that R is a partial order relation. (ii) Is R a total order relation? (iii) Show that S is an equivalenc…

(b) (i) Let A = {2,4,6} and R = {(2,2), (2,4), (2,6), (4,4), (6,6)} be a relation on A. Find R−1 . (ii) Let A = {6,8,10,15} and B = {2,3,4}. Define a relation R from A to B by (x,y) ∈ R iff x-y is divisible by 2. Find R−1

3. (a) Let A = {1,2,3,4,5} and R = {(1,1), (1,3), (1,4), (2,2), (2,5), (3,1), (3,3), (3,4), (4,1), (4,3), (4,4), (5,2), (5,5)}. (i) Prove that R is an equivalence relation on A. (ii) Find the equivalence classes of 1 and 2. (b) Let A …

4. (a) Let R be the relation on Z × Z such that ((a,b), (c,d)) ∈ R ↔ a + d = b + c. Show that R is an equivalence relation. (b) If R is an equivalence relation on a finite non empty set A, then the equivalence classes of R all have t…

List the ordered pairs in the equivalence relations produced by these partitions of {a,b,c,d,e,f,g}. (a) {a,b}, {c,d}, {e,f,g} (b) {a}, {b}, {c,d}, {e,f}, {g} (c) {a,b,c,d}, {e,f,g} (d) {a,c,e,g}, {b,d}, {f}

Draw any three graphs (Take help from book, but DO NOT copy paste any graph from examples or exercise. Your graphs must be random and all must neither be euler nor all non-euler) (2+1+2+2) a) Figure out Euler gr…

Q2 Draw any three graphs (Take help from book, but DO NOT copy paste any graph from examples or exercise. Your graphs must be random and all must neither be euler nor all non-euler) (2+1+2+2) a) Figure out Euler graph from these three…

how to prove the following using defined sets A=B⇔A⊆B and B ⊆ A

Let A be the set {1,2,3,4,5,6}.Which orders pairs are in the following relations on A. (i) R1 = {(a,b) : a divides b}

Let A be the set {1,2,3,4,5,6}.Which orders pairs are in the following relations on A. (ii) R2 = {(a,b) : a ≤ b}

Let A be the set {1,2,3,4,5,6}.Which orders pairs are in the following relations on A. (iii) R3 = {(a,b) : a 2 = b}

Let A be the set {1,2,3,4,5,6}.Which orders pairs are in the following relations on A. (iv) R4 = {(a,b) : a + b ≤ 5}

Let A be the set {1,2,3,4,5,6}.Which orders pairs are in the following relations on A. (v) R5 = {(a,b) : a = 2 and a + 2b ≤ 10}

Let A = {2,4,6} and B = {x,y,z}. State each of the following are relations from A into B. (i) R1 = {(2,x), (y,4), (6,z)}

Let A = {2,4,6} and B = {x,y,z}. State each of the following are relations from A into B. (ii) R2 = {(4,y), (y,4)}

Let A = {2,4,6} and B = {x,y,z}. State each of the following are relations from A into B. (iii) R3 = {(2,x), (4,y), (6,z)}

Let A = {2,4,6} and B = {x,y,z}. State each of the following are relations from A into B. (iv) R4 = {(4,y), (6,x), (4,x)}

Let A = {2,4,6} and B = {x,y,z}. State each of the following are relations from A into B. v) R5 = {(x,2), (4,z), (2,z), (6,y)}

Draw any three graphs (Take help from book, but DO NOT copy paste any graph from examples or exercise. Your graphs must be random and all must neither be euler nor all non-euler) (2+1+2+2) a) Figure out Euler graph from these three g…

If A is the set of all residents of the United states, B the set of all Canadian citizens, and C the set of all women in the world, describe the sets A intersection B intersection B intersection C A-B A-C C-A

There are 18 mathematics majors and 325 computer science majors at a college. a) In how many ways can two representatives be picked so that one is a mathematics major and the other is a computer science major? b) In how many ways can …

A set is a fundamental building block in mathematics, and it is defined as a collection of well-defined objects.A set is always defined in a computer program with respect to an underlying universal set, and the elements in the univers…

1. State the Dijkstra’s algorithm for a directed weighted graph with all non-negative edge weights.

Let A={0,1,2}. R={(0,0),(0,1),(0,2),(1,1),(1,2),(2,2)} and S={(0,0),(1,1),(2,2)} be two relations on A. 1.Show that R is a partial order relation 2.Is R a total order relation? 3.Show that S is an equivalence relation.

1. State the Dijkstra’s algorithm for a directed weighted graph with all non-negative edge weights.

Take 5 nodes & 8 edges, Draw any Directed graph (Take help from book, but DO NOT copy paste any graph from examples or exercise.) a) Determine whether the given graph has Hamilton circuit, if it does, find such circuit. b) If not, pro…

Q3 In a prize distribution ceremony. There are first prize winner, 2nd prize winner, 3rd prize winner and fourth prize winner. Calculate the number of ways to select these winners from ___________ people who have been selected in this…

Q1 Find the floor and ceiling Function of x and . Take any value of x and y. (5) X Floor Ceiling -X.Y (x point y) X / Y (x divided by y)

Two fire sirens give alarms at intervals of 5/7, 7/8 hours. Since these two fire sirens sounded an alarm at 04:00 on Friday at the same time, on which day and at what time do they alarm together again?

13 and 65 are relatively prime? True or false

F(x)=x is one to one function true or false

Q4 Write down any 4*4 matrix having only zeros and ones. (3*5=15) a) Draw the Directed graph of that matrix. b) List the ordered pairs in the relation on set {1, 2, 3, 4} corresponding to this matrix. c) Determine whether the relatio…

a) 04 points Draw Venn diagram to describe sets A, B, and C that satisfy the given conditions. AC B, CC B, AnC +0. (b) 03 points For each integer m, let Tm = {m2, m*}. How many elements are in each of T-3, T-1, To, T1? Give justificat…

Find formula for tha sequences with tha following first five terms 1,1/2,1/4,1/8,1/16

1. (a) Let A = {1,2,3,4} and B={0,3,6,8,12,15}. Consider a rule f(x) = x 2 − 1, x ∈ A. Is f be a function from A to B?

Let A = {a,b,c,d} and B = {c,d,e,f,g}. Let R1 = {(a,c), (b,d), (c,e)} R2 = {(a,c), (a,g), (b,d), (c,e), (d,f)} R3 = {(a,c), (b,d), (c,e), (d,f)} Justify which of the given relation is a function from A to B. (c) Let f be a real valued…

(a) (i) Let f : R → R be defined by the equation f(x) x 2 + 1. Let H ⊆ R and H = { y ∈ R : 5 ≤ y ≤ 10}. Then determine the inverse image f −1 (H).

Let g : R → R defined by the equation g(x) = x 2 + x. Let H ⊆ R and H = {y ∈ R : 6 ≤ y ≤ 12}. Then determine the inverse image g −1 (H).

(b) Determine whether each of these function is a bijection (i) f : N → N such that f(n) = n 2 (ii) f : N → N such that f(n) = n + 3 1 (iii) f : R → R such that f(x) = x 3 (iv) f : R → R such that f(x) = x 2 + 1 (v) f : N → N such tha…

(a) Let A = {a,b,c,d,e,f} and B = {1,2,3,4,5,6}. Determine whether each of following functions from A to B are invertible. If it is an invertible, find it’s inverse. (i) f1 = {(a,1), (b,2), (c,3), (d,4), (e,5), (f,6)} (ii) f2 = {(a,2)…

(b) Determine whether each of following functions are invertible. If it is an invertible, find it’s inverse. (i) f : R → R such that f(x) = 3x + 10 (ii) f : R → R such that f(x) = x 2 - 1

(iv) f : N → Y such that f(n) = 2n + 1, where Y = {y ∈ N : y = 4n + 3 for some n ∈ N}

(a) Consider f : R → R, f(x) = x 2 and g : R → R, g(x) = x + 5. (i) What is g ◦ f? (ii) What is f ◦ g

(b) Given f(x) = x 2 , g(x) = 2x and h(x) = x - 2 be functions from R to R. Find (i) f ◦ g (ii) f ◦ h (iii) h ◦ f (iv) (f ◦ g) ◦ h (v) f ◦ (g ◦ h)

Display the graph of following functions. (i) f(n) = n 2 + 4 from the set of integers to the set of integers

Display(ii) f(x) = x 3 + 1 from the set of real numbers to the set of real numbers the graph of following functions.

how many reflexive relation on A={1,2,3,4,5},could be definde

-151 mod 26 True Or false

injective functions always have inverse True or False

How many ways can be letters { 5.a. 4.b, 1.c} be arranged so that all letters of same kind are in a single block

Find the coefficient x to the power 4 * y cube & number of terms in the expansion of (3x – 10y)11

Determine whether the conclusion C is valid in the following premises without using truth table: H1: ¬Q, H2: P → Q, C: ¬ P

Let R={(1,2),(1,4),(2,1),(2,4),(3,2),(3,4)} R={(1,2),(1,4),(2,1),(2,4),(3,2),(3,4)} is a relation on set A={1,2,3,4} A={1,2,3,4} Suppose a Rn b means that there is a path of length n from a to b Which of the elements are R3?

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